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Published on December 7, 2007; 10.1104/pp.107.109587

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Received September 23, 2007
Accepted November 27, 2007

Altered profile of secondary metabolites in the root exudates of Arabidopsis ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter mutants

Dayakar V. Badri , Victor M. Loyola-Vargas , Corey D. Broeckling , Clelia De-la-Pena , Michal Jasinski , Diana Santelia , Enrico Martinoia , Lloyd W. Sumner , Lois M. Banta , Frank Stermitz , and Jorge M. Vivanco *

Center for Rhizosphere Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA; Unidad de Bioquimica y Biologia Molecular de Plantas, Centro de Investigacion Cientifica de Yucatan, Calle 43 No. 130, Col. Chuburna de Hidalgo, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico; Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, Institute of Plant Biology, Molecular Plant Physiology, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland; Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 61-704, Poznan, Poland; The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Plant Biology Division, 2510, Sam Noble parkway, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA; Department of Biology, Williams College, Williamstown, MA 01267, USA; Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA

* Corresponding author; email: j.vivanco{at}colostate.edu.

Following recent indirect evidence suggesting a role for ABC transporters in root exudation of phytochemicals, we identified 25 ABC transporter genes highly expressed in the root cells most likely to be involved in secretion processes. Of these 25 genes, we also selected six full-length ABC transporters and a half-size transporter for in-depth molecular and biochemical analyses. We compared the exuded root phytochemical profiles of these seven ABC transporters mutants to those of the wild type. There were three non-polar phytochemicals missing in various ABC transporter mutants compared to the wild type when the samples were analyzed by HPLC-MS. These data suggest that more than one ABC transporter can be involved in the secretion of a given phytochemical and that a transporter can be involved in the secretion of more than one secondary metabolite. The primary and secondary metabolites present in the root exudates of the mutants were also analyzed by GC-MS, which allowed for the identification of groups of compounds differentially found in some of the mutants compared to the wild type. For instance, the mutant Atpdr6 secreted a lower level of organic acids and Atmrp2 secreted a higher level of amino acids as compared to the wild-type. We conclude that the release of phytochemicals by roots is partially controlled by ABC transporters.




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C. De-la-Pena, Z. Lei, B. S. Watson, L. W. Sumner, and J. M. Vivanco
Root-Microbe Communication through Protein Secretion
J. Biol. Chem., September 12, 2008; 283(37): 25247 - 25255.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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