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Published on December 27, 2007; 10.1104/pp.107.110270


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Received October 4, 2007
Accepted December 23, 2007

GeBP and GeBP-like proteins are non-canonical leucine-zipper transcription factors that regulate cytokinin response in Arabidopsis thaliana

Florian Chevalier , Daniel Perazza , Frederic Laporte , Gaelle Le Henanff , Patricia Hornitschek , Jean-Marc Bonneville , Michel Herzog , and Gilles Vachon *

Laboratoire Plastes et Differenciation Cellulaire, CNRS FRE 3017, Universite J. Fourier Bat. CERMO, 3eme etage, BP 53X 38041 Grenoble, France

* Corresponding author; email: gilles.vachon{at}ujf-grenoble.fr.

Understanding the role of transcription factors (TFs) is essential in reconstructing developmental regulatory networks. The plant-specific GeBP TF family of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) comprises 21 members, all of unknown function. A subset of four members, the founding member GeBP and GeBP-like proteins (GPL) 1, 2 to 3, share a conserved C-terminal domain. Here we report that GeBP/ GPL genes represent a newly defined class of leucine-zipper TF and that they play a redundant role in cytokinin hormone pathway regulation. Specifically, we demonstrate using yeast, in vitro and split-yellow fluorescent protein in planta assays that GeBP/GPL proteins form homo and heterodimers through a non-canonical leucine-zipper motif located in the C-terminal domain. A triple loss-of-function mutant of the three most closely related genes gebp gpl1 gpl2 shows a reduced sensitivity to exogenous cytokinins in a subset of cytokinin responses such as senescence and growth while root inhibition is not affected. We find that transcript levels of type-A cytokinin response genes, which are involved in the negative feed-back regulation of cytokinin signalling, are higher in the triple mutant. Using a GPL version that act as a constitutive transcriptional activator, we show that the regulation of ARRs is mediated by at least one additional, as yet unknown, repressor acting genetically downstream in the GeBP/GPL pathway. Our results indicate that GeBP/GPL genes encode a new class of unconventional leucine-zipper TF proteins and suggest that their role in the cytokinin pathway is to antagonize the negative feedback regulation on ARR genes to trigger the cytokinin response.







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