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Published on December 21, 2007; 10.1104/pp.107.113787

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Received November 23, 2007
Accepted December 13, 2007

The Arabidopsis genes AS1, AS2 and JAG negatively regulate boundary-specifying genes to promote sepal and petal development

Ben Xu , Ziyu Li , Yan Zhu , Hua Wang , Hong Ma , Aiwu Dong , and Hai Huang *

National Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 300 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China; State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Biology and the Huck Institute for the Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA

* Corresponding author; email: hhuang{at}sippe.ac.cn.

Boundary formation is crucial for organ development in multicellular eukaryotes. In higher plants, boundaries that separate the organ primordia from their surroundings have relatively low rates of cell proliferation. This cellular feature is regulated by the actions of certain boundary-specifying genes, whose ectopic expression in organs can cause inhibition of the organ growth. Here we show that the Arabidopsis ASYMMETRIC LEAVES1 and 2 (AS1 and AS2) and JAGGED (JAG) genes function in the sepal and petal primordia to repress boundary-specifying genes for normal development of the organs. Loss-of-function as1 jag and as2 jag double mutants produced extremely tiny sepals and petals. Analysis of a cell-cycle marker HISTONE 4 revealed that cell division in sepal primordia of the double mutant was inhibited. Moreover, these abnormal sepals and petals exhibited ectopic overexpression of the boundary-specifying genes PETAL LOSS (PTL), CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDONS1 and 2 (CUC1 and CUC2). Loss of PTL or CUC1 and CUC2 functions in the as1 jag background could partially rescue the tiny sepal and petal phenotypes, supporting the model that the tiny sepal/petal phenotypes are caused, at least in part, by ectopic expression of the boundary-specifying genes. Together, our data reveal a previously unrecognized fundamental regulation, by which AS1, AS2 and JAG act to define sepal and petal from their boundaries.




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