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Published on February 20, 2008; 10.1104/pp.107.115667

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Received January 7, 2008
Accepted February 13, 2008

Systemic signaling of the plant N status triggers specific transcriptome responses depending on the N source in Medicago truncatula

Sandrine Ruffel , Sandra Freixes , Sandrine Balzergue , Pascal Tillard , Christian Jeudy , Marie Laure Martin-Magniette , Margaretha J. van der Merwe , Klementina Kakar , Jerome Gouzy , Alisdair R. Fernie , Michael Udvardi , Christophe Salon , Alain Gojon , and Marc Lepetit *

Biochimie et Physiologie Moleculaire des Plantes, UMR 5004, INRA-CNRS-Sup Agro-UM2, Institut de Biologie Integrative des Plantes, 2 Place Viala, F-34060 Montpellier, France; Unite de Genetique et Ecophysiologie des Legumineuses, UMR INRA, BP 86510, F-21065 Dijon, France; Unite de Recherche en Genomique Vegetale – UMR INRA 1165-CNRS 8114-UEVE, 2 Rue Gaston Cremieux, F-91057 Evry, France; Max-Planck-Institut fur Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes Micro-organismes, UMR INRA/CNRS 441/2594, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan, France; UMR AgroParisTech/INRA MIA 518, 16 rue Claude Bernard, F-75231 Paris France

* Corresponding author; email: lepetit{at}ensam.inra.fr.

Legumes can acquire nitrogen from NO3-, NH4+ and N2 (through symbiosis with rhizobium bacteria), however, the mechanisms by which uptake and assimilation of these N forms are coordinately regulated to match the N demand of the plant are currently unknown. Here we find, by use of the split-root approach in Medicago truncatula plants, that NO3- uptake, NH4+ uptake and N2 fixation are under general control by systemic signaling of plant N status. Indeed, irrespective of the nature of the N source, N acquisition by one side of the root system is repressed by high N supply to the other side. Transcriptome analysis facilitated the identification of in excess of 3000 genes that were regulated by systemic signaling of the plant N status. However, detailed scrutiny of the data revealed that the observation of differential gene expression was highly dependent on the N source. Localized N starvation results, in the unstarved roots of the same plant, in a strong compensatory up-regulation of NO3- uptake, but not of either NH4+ uptake or N2 fixation. This indicates that the three N acquisition pathways do not always respond similarly to a change in plant N status. When taken together, these data indicate that although systemic signals of N status control root N acquisition, the regulatory gene networks targeted by these signals, as well as the functional response of the N acquisition systems, are predominantly determined by the nature of the N source.




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