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Plant Physiology Preview Published on January 25, 2008; 10.1104/pp.107.115691
OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE
Received December 31, 2007 Regulation and Function of Arabidopsis JAZ Genes in Response to Wounding and Herbivory
Department of Energy-Plant Research Laboratory, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6340; Present address: Colorado State University, San Luis Valley Research Center, 0249 East Road 9 North, Center, CO 81125 * Corresponding author; email: howeg{at}msu.edu.
Jasmonic acid (JA) and its amino acid conjugate, jasmonoyl-isoleucine (JA-Ile), play important roles in regulating plant defense responses to insect herbivores. Recent studies indicate that JA-Ile promotes the degradation of JAsmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ) transcriptional repressors through the activity of the E3 ubiquitin-ligase SCFCOI1. Here, we investigated the regulation and function of JAZ genes during the interaction of Arabidopsis with the generalist herbivore Spodoptera exigua. Most members of the JAZ gene family were highly expressed in response to S. exigua feeding and mechanical wounding. JAZ transcript levels increased within 5 min of mechanical tissue damage, coincident with a large (
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25-fold) rise in JA and JA-Ile levels. Wound-induced expression of JAZ and other COI1-dependent genes was not impaired in the jar1-1 mutant that is partially deficient in the conversion of JA to JA-Ile. Experiments performed with the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide provided evidence that JAZs, MYC2, and genes encoding several JA biosynthetic enzymes are primary response genes whose expression is de-repressed upon COI1-dependent turnover of a labile repressor protein(s). We also show that overexpression of a modified form of JAZ1 (JAZ1
3A) that is stable in the presence of JA compromises host resistance to feeding by S. exigua larvae. These findings establish a role for JAZ proteins in the regulation of plant anti-insect defense, and support the hypothesis that JA-Ile and perhaps other JA derivatives activate COI1-dependent wound responses in Arabidopsis. Our results also indicate that the timing of JA-induced transcription in response to wounding is more rapid than previously realized.
