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Published on March 28, 2008; 10.1104/pp.108.115733

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Received January 1, 2008
Accepted March 19, 2008

PRINCIPAL TRANSCRIPTIONAL PROGRAMS REGULATING PLANT AMINO ACID METABOLISM IN RESPONSE TO ABIOTIC STRESSES

Hadar Less and Gad Galili *

Department of Plant Sciences, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100 Israel

* Corresponding author; email: gad.galili{at}weizmann.ac.il.

Using a bioinformatics analysis of public Arabidopsis thaliana microarray data, we propose here a novel regulatory program, combining transcriptional and post-translational controls, which participate in modulating fluxes of amino acid metabolism in response to abiotic stresses. The program includes the following two components: (i) the terminal enzyme of the module, responsible for the first catabolic step of the amino acid, whose level is stimulated or repressed in response to stress cues, Just-in-time when the cues arrive, principally via transcriptional regulation of its gene; and (ii) the initiator enzyme of the module, whose activity is principally modulated via post translational allosteric feedback inhibition in response to changes in the level of the amino acid, just-in-case when it occurs in response to alteration in its catabolism or sequestration into different intracellular compartment. Our proposed regulatory program is based on bioinformatics dissection of the response of all biosynthetic and catabolic genes of seven different pathways, involved in the metabolism of 11 amino acids, to eight different abiotic stresses, as judged from modulations of their mRNA levels. Our results imply that the transcription of the catabolic genes is principally more sensitive than that of the biosynthetic genes to fluctuations in stress-associated signals. Notably, the only exception to this program is the metabolic pathway of proline, an amino acid that distinctively accumulates to significantly high levels under abiotic stresses. Examples of the biological significance of our proposed regulatory program are discussed.




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