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Published on April 16, 2008; 10.1104/pp.108.116970

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Received February 4, 2008
Accepted March 11, 2008

Overexpression of poplar cellulase accelerates growth and disturbs the closing movements of leaves in sengon

Sri Hartati , Enny Sudarmonowati , Yong Woo Park , Tomomi Kaku , Rumi Kaida , Kei'ichi Baba , and Takahisa Hayashi *

Research Centre for Biotechnology, LIPI, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia; Research Centre for Biotechnology, Kyoto University, RISH, Uji 611-0011, Japan

* Corresponding author; email: taka{at}rish.kyoto-u.ac.jp.

In this study, poplar cellulase (PaPopCel1) was overexpressed in a tropical Leguminosae tree, sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria), by the Agrobacterium method. PaPopCel1 overexpression increased the length and width of stems with larger leaves, which showed a moderately higher density of green color than leaves of the wild type. The pairs of leaves on the transgenic plants closed more slowly during sunset than those on the wild-type plants. When main veins from each genotype were excised and placed on a paper towel, however, the leaves of the transgenic plants closed more rapidly than those of the wild-type plant. Based on carbohydrate analyses of cell walls, the leaves of the transgenic plants contained less wall-bound xyloglucan than those of the wild-type plants. In situ xyloglucan endotransglucosylase activity showed that the incorporation of whole xyloglucan, potentially for wall tightening, occurred in the parenchyma cells (motor cells) of the petiolule pulvinus attached to the main vein, although the transgenic plant incorporated less whole xyloglucan than the wild-type. These observations support the hypothesis that the paracrystalline sites of cellulose microfibrils are attacked by poplar cellulase, which loosens xyloglucan intercalation, resulting in an irreversible wall modification. This process could be the reason why the overexpression of poplar cellulase both promotes plant growth and disturbs the biological clock of the plant by altering the closing movements of the leaves of the plant.




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