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Published on July 3, 2008; 10.1104/pp.108.119131

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Received March 14, 2008
Accepted June 22, 2008

A role for AtWRKY23 in feeding site establishment of plant-parasitic nemato1 des

Wim Grunewald *, Mansour Karimi , Krzysztof Wieczorek , Elke Van de Cappelle , Elisabeth Wischnitzki , Florian Grundler , Dirk Inze , Tom Beeckman , and Godelieve Gheysen

Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology (VIB), Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, B-9052 Gent, Belgium; Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000 Gent, Belgium; Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter Jordan-Straße 82, A–1190 Vienna, Austria

* Corresponding author; email: Wim.Grunewald{at}UGent.be.

During the interaction between sedentary plant-parasitic nematodes and their host, complex morphological and physiological changes occur in the infected plant tissue finally resulting in the establishment of a nematode feeding site. This cellular transformation is the result of altered plant gene expression most likely induced by proteins injected in the plant cell by the nematode. Here we report on the identification of a WRKY transcription factor expressed during nematode infection. Using both promoter-reporter gene fusions and in situ RT-PCR we could show that AtWRKY23 is expressed during the early stages of feeding site establishment. Knocking-down the expression of WRKY23 resulted in lower infection of the cyst nematode H. schachtii. WRKY23 is an auxin-inducible gene and in uninfected plants WRKY23 acts downstream of the Aux/IAA protein SLR/IAA14. Although auxin is known to be involved in feeding site formation, our results suggest that during early stages auxin-independent signals might be at play to activate the initial expression of WRKY23.




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