Plant Physiol. Illumina
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

Plant Physiology Preview
Published on May 30, 2008; 10.1104/pp.108.120519

OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE
This Article
Free via Open Access: OA
Right arrow Full Text (Plant Physiology Preview (PDF))
Right arrowOA All Versions of this Article:
147/4/1976    most recent
pp.108.120519v1
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via CrossRef
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Shimizu, M.
Right arrow Articles by Kobayashi, H.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Shimizu, M.
Right arrow Articles by Kobayashi, H.
Agricola
Right arrow Articles by Shimizu, M.
Right arrow Articles by Kobayashi, H.

Received April 15, 2008
Accepted May 20, 2008

Selectable tolerance to herbicides by mutated acetolactate synthase genes integrated into the chloroplast genome of tobacco

Masanori Shimizu , Maki Goto , Moeko Hanai , Tsutomu Shimizu , Norihiko Izawa , Hirosuke Kanamoto , Ken-Ichi Tomizawa , Akiho Yokota , and Hirokazu Kobayashi *

Laboratory of Plant Molecular Improvement and Global COE Program, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Science, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan; Life Science Research Institute, Kumiai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Kikugawa, Shizuoka, 439-0031, Japan; Research Institute of Innovation Technology for the Earth (RITE), 9-2 Kizugawadai, Kizugawa, Kyoto, 619-0292, Japan; Plant High Technology Institute (PhiT), Takayama Science Plaza, 8916-12 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0101, Japan; Graduate School of Biological Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma, Nara, 634-0813, Japan

* Corresponding author; email: hirokoba{at}u-shizuoka-ken.ac.jp.

Strategies employed for the production of genetically modified (GM) crops are premised on (1) the avoidance of gene transfer in the field, (2) the use of genes derived from edible organisms such as plants, (3) preventing the appearance of herbicide-resistant weeds, and (4) maintaining transgenes without obstructing plant cell propagation. To this end, we developed a novel vector system for chloroplast transformation with acetolactate synthase (ALS). ALS catalyzes the first step in the biosynthesis of the branched amino acids, and its enzymatic activity is inhibited by certain classes of herbicides. We generated a series of Arabidopsis mutated ALS (mALS) genes, and introduced constructs with mALS and the aminoglycoside 3'-adenyltransferase gene (aadA) into the tobacco chloroplast genome by particle bombardment. Transplastomic plants were selected using their resistance to spectinomycin. The effects of herbicides on transplastomic mALS activity were examined by a colorimetric assay using the leaves of transplastomic plants. We found that transplastomic G121A, A122V and P197S plants were specifically tolerant to PC, IM and SU/PC herbicides, respectively. Transplastomic plants possessing mALSs were able to grow in the presence of various herbicides, thus affirming the relationship between mALSs and the associated resistance to herbicides. Our results show that mALS genes integrated into the chloroplast genome are useful sustainable markers that function to exclude plants other than those that are genetically modified (GM) while maintaining transplastomic crops. This investigation suggests that the resistance management of weeds in the field amid growing GM crops is possible using (i) a series of mALSs that confer specific resistance to herbicides, and (ii) a strategy that employs herbicide rotation.






HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH
ASPB Publications PLANT PHYSIOLOGY® THE PLANT CELL
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Plant Biologists