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Plant Physiology Preview Published on August 20, 2008; 10.1104/pp.108.120691
Received April 10, 2008 Reconfiguration of the achene and receptacle metabolic networks during strawberry fruit development
Abteilung Willmitzer, Max-Planck-Institut fur Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Muhlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; Department of Biosciences, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland; CRA- Cereal Research Centre, S.S. 16 km 675, 71100 Foggia, Italy; Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, P.O. Box 6, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel; Department of Plant Sciences, the Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel * Corresponding author; email: aaron.fait{at}gmail.com.
The anatomy of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa ) fruit, in which the achene is found on the outer part of the fruit, makes it an excellent species for studying the regulation of fruit development. It can provide a model for the crosstalk between primary and secondary metabolism, whose role is of pivotal importance in the process. By combining GCMS and LC-MS with the aim of addressing the metabolic regulation underlying fruit-seed development, we simultaneously analysed the composition of primary and secondary metabolites, separately, in achene and receptacle during fruit ripening of strawberry cv. Herut. The results from these analyses suggest that changes in primary and secondary metabolism reflect organ and developmental specificities. For instance, the receptacle was characterised by increases in sugars and their direct derivatives, whilst the achene was characterised by a major decrease in the levels of carbon and nitrogen rich compounds with the exception of storage related metabolites, e.g. raffinose. Furthermore, the receptacle, and to a lower extent the achene, exhibited dynamic fluctuations in the levels and nature of secondary metabolites across the ripening process. In the receptacle, proanthocyanidins and flavonol derivatives characterized mainly early developmental stages, while anthocyanins were abundant in the mature red stage; in the achene, ellagitannin and flavonoids, were abundant during early and late development, respectively. Correlation-based network analysis suggested that metabolism is substantially coordinated during early development in either organ. Nonetheless, a higher degree of connectivity within and between metabolic pathways was measured in the achenes. The data are discussed within the context of current models both of the interaction of primary and secondary metabolism and of the metabolic interaction between the different plant organs.
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