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Published on July 3, 2008; 10.1104/pp.108.123489

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Received May 23, 2008
Accepted June 12, 2008

Integration of carbon and nitrogen metabolism with energy production is crucial to light acclimation in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis

Abhay K Singh , Thanura Elvitigala , Maitrayee Bhattacharyya-Pakrasi , Rajeev Aurora , Bijoy Ghosh , and Himadri B Pakrasi *

Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130; Department of Electrical and Systems engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, 79409; School of Engineering, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130

* Corresponding author; email: pakrasi{at}wustl.edu.

Light drives the production of chemical energy and reducing equivalents in photosynthetic organisms required for the assimilation of essential nutrients. This process also generates strong oxidants and reductants that can be damaging to the cellular processes especially during absorption of excess excitation energy. Cyanobacteria, like other oxygenic photosynthetic organisms, respond to increase in the excitation energy such as during exposure of cells to high light by the reduction of antenna size and photosystem content. However, the mechanism of how Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, a cyanobacterium, maintains redox homeostasis and coordinates various metabolic processes under high light stress remains poorly understood. In this study, we have utilized time series transcriptome data to elucidate the global responses of Synechocystis to high light. Identification of differentially regulated genes involved in the regulation, protection and maintenance of redox homeostasis has offered important insights into the optimized response of Synechocystis to high light. Our results indicate a comprehensive integrated homeostatic interaction between energy production (photosynthesis) and energy consumption (assimilation of carbon and nitrogen). In addition, measurements of physiological parameters under different growth conditions showed that integration between the two processes is not a consequence of limitations in the external carbon and nitrogen levels available to the cells. We have also discovered the existence of a novel glycosylation pathway, to date known as an important nutrient sensor only in eukaryotes. Upregulation of a gene encoding the rate-limiting enzyme in the hexosamine pathway suggests a regulatory role for protein glycosylation in Synechocystis under high light.




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