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Published on August 27, 2008; 10.1104/pp.108.124529

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Received June 10, 2008
Accepted August 25, 2008

BAH1/NLA, a RING-type ubiquitin E3 ligase, regulates the accumulation of salicylic acid and immune responses to Pseudomonas syringae DC3000

Takashi Yaeno and Koh Iba *

Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan

* Corresponding author; email: koibascb{at}mbox.nc.kyushu-u.ac.jp.

Salicylic acid (SA) is a primary factor responsible for exerting diverse immune responses in plants, and is synthesized in response to attack by a wide range of pathogens. The Arabidopsis sid2 mutant is defective in a SA biosynthetic pathway involving isochorismate synthase 1 (ICS1) and consequently contains reduced levels of SA. However, the sid2 mutant as well as ICS-suppressed tobacco still accumulates a small but significant level of SA. These observations along with previous studies suggested that SA might also be synthesized by another pathway involving benzoic acid (BA). Here we isolated a benzoic acid hypersensitive 1-Dominant (bah1-D) mutant which excessively accumulated SA after application of BA from activation tagged lines. This mutant also accumulated higher levels of SA after inoculation with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst) DC3000. Analysis of the bah1-D sid2 double mutant suggested that the bah1-D mutation caused both ICS1-dependent and -independent accumulation. In addition, the bah1-D mutant showed SA-dependent localized cell death in response to Pst DC3000. The T-DNA insertional mutation which caused the bah1-D phenotypes resulted in the suppression of expression of the NLA gene, which encodes a RING-type ubiquitin E3 ligase. These results suggest that BAH1/NLA plays crucial roles in the ubiquitination-mediated regulation of immune responses, including BA- and pathogen-induced SA accumulation, and control of cell death.




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