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Published on August 8, 2008; 10.1104/pp.108.126342

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Received July 12, 2008
Accepted August 1, 2008

LEAFY COTYLEDON1 is a key regulator of fatty acid biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana

Jinye Mu , Helin Tan , Qi Zheng , Fuyou Fu , Yan Liang , Jian Zhang , Xiaohui Yang , Tai Wang , Kang Chong , Xiu-Jie Wang , and Jianru Zuo *

State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Plant Gene Research Center (Beijing), Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China

* Corresponding author; email: jrzuo{at}genetics.ac.cn.

In plants, fatty acids are de novo synthesized predominantly in plastids from acetyl-CoA. Although fatty acid biosynthesis has been biochemically well-studied, little is known about the regulatory mechanisms of the pathway. Here, we show that overexpression of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) LEAFY COTYLEDON1 (LEC1) gene causes globally increased expression of fatty acid biosynthetic genes, which are involved in key reactions of condensation, chain elongation and desaturation of fatty acid biosynthesis. In the plastidial fatty acid synthetic pathway, over 58% of known enzyme-coding genes are upregulated in LEC1-overexpressing transgenic plants, including those encoding three subunits of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, a key enzyme controlling the fatty acid biosynthesis flux. Moreover, genes involved in glycolysis and lipid accumulation are also upregulated. Consistent with these results, levels of major fatty acid species and lipids were substantially increased in the transgenic plants. Genetic analysis indicates that the LEC1 function is partially dependent on ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3, FUSCA3 and WRINKLED1 in the regulation of fatty acid biosynthesis. Moreover, a similar phenotype was observed in transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing two LEC1-like genes of Brassica napus. These results suggest that LEC1 and LEC1-like genes act as key regulators to coordinate the expression of fatty acid biosynthetic genes, thereby representing a promising target for genetic improvement of oil-production plants.




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