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Published on September 19, 2008; 10.1104/pp.108.126979

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Received August 1, 2008
Accepted September 17, 2008

Transcriptional profiling of mature Arabidopsis trichomes reveals that NOECK encodes the MIXTA-like transcriptional regulator MYB106

Marc J. Jakoby , Doris Falkenhan , Michael T. Mader , Ginger Brininstool , Elisabeth Wischnitzki , Nicole Platz , Andrew Hudson , Martin Hulskamp , John Larkin , and Arp Schnittger *

University of Cologne, Department of Botany III, University group at the Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Max-Delbruck-Laboratorium, Carl von Linne Weg 10, 50829 Cologne, Germany; present address: University of Cologne, Department of Botany III, Gyrhofstr. 15, 50931 Cologne, Germany; present address: Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Carl von Linne Weg 10, 50829 Cologne, Germany; Institute of Stem Cell Research, GSF - National Research Center for Environment and Health, Ingolstaedter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany; present address: MEDIDATA GmbH, Max-Stromeyer-Str. 166, 78467 Konstanz, Germany; Louisiana State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, U.S.A; VIB Department of Plant Systems Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Gent, Belgium; University of Cologne, Department of Botany III, Gyrhofstr. 15, 50931 Cologne, Germany; University of Edinburgh, Institute of Molecular Plant Sciences, King's Buildings, Mayfield Rd, Edinburgh EH9 3JH, UK; Institut de Biologie Moleculaire des Plantes (IBMP), UPR2357 du CNRS, 12, rue du General Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg, France

* Corresponding author; email: Arp.Schnittger{at}ibmp-ulp.u-strasbg.fr.

Leaf hairs (trichomes) of Arabidopsis have been extensively used as a model to address general questions in cell and developmental biology. Here we lay the foundation for a systems-level understanding of the biology of this model cell type by performing genome-wide gene expression analyses. We have identified 3,231 genes that are upregulated in mature trichomes relative to leaves without trichomes, and have compared wild-type trichomes with two mutants, glabra3 and triptychon, that affect trichome morphology and physiology in contrasting ways. We found that cell wall-related transcripts were particularly over-represented in trichomes, consistent with their highly elaborated structure. In addition, trichome expression maps revealed high activities of anthocyanin, flavonoid, and glucosinolate pathways, indicative for the roles of trichomes in the biosynthesis of secondary compounds and defense. Inter-species comparisons revealed that Arabidopsis trichomes share many expressed genes with cotton fibers, making them an attractive model to study industrially important fibers. In addition to identifying physiological processes involved in development of a specific cell type, we also demonstrated the utility of transcript profiling for identifying and analyzing regulatory gene function. One of the genes that is differentially expressed in fibers is the MYB transcription factor GhMYB25. A combination of transcript profiling and map-based cloning revealed that the NOECK gene of Arabidopsis encodes AtMYB106 a MIXTA-like transcription factor and homolog of cotton GhMYB25. However, in contrast to Antirrhinum, where MIXTA promotes epidermal cell outgrowth, AtMYB106 appears to function as a repressor of cell outgrowth in Arabidopsis.




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