Plant Physiol. Illumina
HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH
QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced]


     

Plant Physiology Preview
Published on September 26, 2008; 10.1104/pp.108.127613

OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE
This Article
Free via Open Access: OA
Right arrow Full Text (Plant Physiology Preview (PDF))
Right arrow Supplemental Data
Right arrowOA All Versions of this Article:
148/3/1547    most recent
pp.108.127613v1
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in Web of Science
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrow reprints & permissions
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via HighWire
Right arrow Citing Articles via CrossRef
Right arrow Citing Articles via Web of Science (6)
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Rudrappa, T.
Right arrow Articles by Bais, H. P.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Rudrappa, T.
Right arrow Articles by Bais, H. P.
Agricola
Right arrow Articles by Rudrappa, T.
Right arrow Articles by Bais, H. P.

Received August 4, 2008
Accepted September 15, 2008

Root Secreted Malic Acid Recruits Beneficial Soil Bacteria

Thimmaraju Rudrappa , Kirk J. Czymmek , Paul W. Pare , and Harsh P. Bais *

Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716; Delaware Biotechnology Institute, 15 Innovation Way, Newark, DE 19711; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716; Departments of Chemistry/Biochemistry and Biology, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409

* Corresponding author; email: hbais{at}udel.edu.

Beneficial soil bacteria confer immunity against a wide range of foliar diseases by activating plant defences thereby reducing a plant's susceptibility to pathogen attack. Although bacterial signals have been identified that activate these plant defences, plant metabolites that elicit rhizobacterial responses have not been demonstrated. Here we provide biochemical evidence that the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediate L-malic acid secreted from roots of Arabidopsis thaliana selectively signals and recruits the beneficial rhizobacterium Bacillus subtilis FB17 in a dose-dependent manner. Root secretions of L-malic acid are induced by the foliar pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst DC3000) and elevated levels of L-malic acid promote binding and biofilm formation of FB17 on Arabidopsis roots. The demonstration that roots selectively secrete L-malic acid and effectively signal beneficial rhizobacteria establishes a regulatory role of root metabolites in recruitment of beneficial microbes as well as underscores the breadth and sophistication of plant-microbial interactions.




This article has been cited by other articles:


Home page
 Plant Physiol.Home page
Y. Sawaki, S. Iuchi, Y. Kobayashi, Y. Kobayashi, T. Ikka, N. Sakurai, M. Fujita, K. Shinozaki, D. Shibata, M. Kobayashi, et al.
STOP1 Regulates Multiple Genes That Protect Arabidopsis from Proton and Aluminum Toxicities
Plant Physiology, May 1, 2009; 150(1): 281 - 294.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Exp BotHome page
S. A. Micallef, M. P. Shiaris, and A. Colon-Carmona
Influence of Arabidopsis thaliana accessions on rhizobacterial communities and natural variation in root exudates
J. Exp. Bot., April 2, 2009; (2009) erp053v1.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

Home page
 J Exp BotHome page
M. L. Biedrzycki and H. P. Bais
Root secretions: from genes and molecules to microbial associations
J. Exp. Bot., April 1, 2009; 60(6): 1533 - 1534.
[Full Text] [PDF]


HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH
ASPB Publications PLANT PHYSIOLOGY® THE PLANT CELL
Copyright © 2008 by the American Society of Plant Biologists