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Published on November 14, 2008; 10.1104/pp.108.128348

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Received August 22, 2008
Accepted November 9, 2008

A Germin-Like Protein Gene Family Functions as a Complex QTL Conferring Broad-Spectrum Disease Resistance in Rice

Patricia M. Manosalva , Rebecca M. Davidson , Bin Liu , Xiaoyuan Zhu , Scot H. Hulbert , Hei Leung , and Jan E. Leach *

Bioagricultural Sciences and Pest Management and Program in Plant Molecular Biology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1177; Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66502-5502; Rice Research Institute and Plant Protection Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China; Plant Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164; Plant Breeding, Genetics, and Biotechnology, International Rice Research Institute, Los Banos, Philippines

* Corresponding author; email: jan.leach{at}colostate.edu.

Plant disease resistance governed by quantitative trait loci (QTL) is predicted to be effective against a broad spectrum of pathogens and long lasting. Use of these QTL to improve crop species, however, is hindered because the genes contributing to the trait are not known. Five disease resistance QTL that co-localized with defense response genes were accumulated by marker aided selection to develop blast-resistant varieties. One advanced backcross line carrying the major effect QTL on chromosome (chr) 8, which included a cluster of 12 germin-like protein (OsGLP) gene members, exhibited resistance to rice blast disease over 14 cropping seasons. To determine if OsGLP members contribute to resistance, and if the resistance was broad-spectrum, a highly conserved portion of the OsGLP coding region was used as an RNA interference (RNAi) trigger to silence a few to all expressed chr 8 OsGLP family members. Challenge with two different fungal pathogens (causal agents of rice blast and sheath blight diseases) revealed that as more chr 8 OsGLP genes were suppressed, disease susceptibility of the plants increased. Of the 12 chr 8 OsGLP, one clustered subfamily (OsGER4) contributed most to resistance. The similarities of sequence, gene organization, and roles in disease resistance of GLP family members in rice and other cereals, including barley and wheat, suggest that resistance contributed by the chr 8 OsGLP is a broad-spectrum, basal mechanism conserved among gramineae. Natural selection may have preserved a whole gene family to provide a stepwise, flexible defense response to pathogen invasion.




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