Plant Physiology Preview
Published on November 5, 2008; 10.1104/pp.108.128645
OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE
Received August 28, 2008
Accepted October 31, 2008
The role of PIP aquaporins in water transport through roots: diurnal and drought stress responses reveal different strategies between isohydric and anisohydric cultivars of grapevine
R.K. Vandeleur , G. Mayo , M.C. Shelden , M. Gilliham , B.N. Kaiser , and S.D. Tyerman *
School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae SA 5064, Australia; Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
* Corresponding author; email: steve.tyerman{at}adelaide.edu.au.
We report physiological and anatomical characteristics of water transport across roots grown in soil of two cultivars of Vitis vinifera L. differing in response to water stress (Grenache-isohydric; Chardonnay-anisohydric). Both cultivars have similar root hydraulic conductances (Lo, normalised to root dry weight) that change diurnally. There is a positive correlation between Lo and transpiration. Under water stress both cultivars have reduced minimum daily Lo (predawn) attributed to development of apoplastic barriers. Water-stressed and well-watered Chardonnay had the same diurnal change in amplitude of Lo, while water-stressed Grenache showed a reduction in daily amplitude compared to well-watered plants. Hydraulic conductivity of root cortex cells (Lpcell) doubles in Chardonnay but remains unchanged in Grenache. Of the two most highly expressed PIP aquaporins in roots (VvPIP1;1 and VvPIP2;2) only VvPIP2;2 functions as a water channel in Xenopus oocytes. VvPIP1;1 interacts with VvPIP2;2 to induce 3-fold higher water permeability. These two aquaporins are co-located in the root from in situ hybridisation, and immunolocalisation of VvPIP1 and VvPIP2 subfamily members. They occur in root tip, exodermis, root cortex (detected up to 30 mm), and stele. VvPIP2;2 mRNA does not change diurnally or with water stress, in contrast to VvPIP1;1, where expression reflects the differences in Lo and Lpcell between cultivars in their responses to water stress and rewatering.VvPIP1;1 may regulate water transport across roots such that transpirational demand is matched by root water transport capacity. This occurs on a diurnal basis and in response to water stress that corresponds to the difference in drought tolerance between the cultivars.
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