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Published on September 26, 2008; 10.1104/pp.108.128769

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Received August 30, 2008
Accepted September 22, 2008

Characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana lines deficient in GAPC-1, a cytosolic NAD-dependent glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase

Sebastian P. Rius , Paula Casati , Alberto A. Iglesias , and Diego F. Gomez-Casati *

Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnologicas-Instituto Tecnologico de Chascomus (IIB-INTECH) CONICET/UNSAM, Camino Circunvalacion Km 6, 7130, Chascomus, Argentina; Centro de Estudios Fotosinteticos y Bioquimicos (CEFOBI), Universidad Nacional de Rosario, Argentina; Laboratorio de Enzimologia Molecular, Facultad de Bioquimica y Ciencias Biologicas, UNL, Santa Fe, Argentina

* Corresponding author; email: diego.gomezcasati{at}intech.gov.ar.

Phosphorylating glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPC-1) is a highly conserved cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of glyceraldehyde-3-P to 1,3-bis-phosphoglycerate; besides its participation in glycolysis, it is thought to be involved in additional cellular functions. To reach an integrative view on the many roles played by this enzyme, we characterized a homozygous gapc-1 null mutant and an as-GAPC1 line of Arabidopsis thaliana. Both mutant plant lines show a delay in growth, morphological alterations in siliques and low seed number. Embryo development was altered showing abortions and empty embryonic sacs in basal and apical siliques, respectively. gapc-1 line shows a decrease in ATP levels and reduced respiratory rate. Furthermore, both lines exhibit a decrease in the expression and activity of aconitase and succinate dehydrogenase and reduced levels of pyruvate and several Krebs cycle intermediates, as well as increased reactive oxygen species levels. Transcriptome analysis of the gapc-1 mutants unveil a differential accumulation of transcripts encoding for enzymes involved in carbon partitioning. According to these studies, some enzymes involved in carbon flux decreased (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase, NAD-malic enzyme, glucose-6-P dehydrogenase) or increased (NAD-malate dehydrogenase) their activities compared to the wt line. Taken together, our data indicate that a deficiency in the cytosolic GAPC activity results in modifications of carbon flux and mitochondrial dysfunction, leading to an alteration of plant and embryo development with decreased number of seeds, indicating that GAPC-1 is essential for normal fertility in Arabidopsis plants.




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