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Published on November 26, 2008; 10.1104/pp.108.130294

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Received September 24, 2008
Accepted November 21, 2008

AtHMA3, a P1B-ATPase allowing Cd/Zn/Co/Pb vacuolar storage in Arabidopsis thaliana

Melanie Morel , Jerome Crouzet , Antoine Gravot , Pascaline Auroy , Nathalie Leonhardt , Alain Vavasseur , and Pierre Richaud *

CEA, DSV, IBEB, Lab Echanges Membran & Signalisation, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France; CNRS, UMR Biol Veget & Microbiol Environ, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France; Aix-Marseille Universite, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, F-13108, France

* Corresponding author; email: pierre.richaud{at}cea.fr.

The Arabidopsis thaliana AtHMA3 protein belongs to the P1B-2 subgroup of the P-type ATPase family, which is involved in heavy metal transport. In a previous study, we have shown, using heterologous expression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, that in the presence of toxic metals, AtHMA3 was able to phenotypically complement the Cd/Pb hypersensitive strain ycf1, but not the Zn hypersensitive strain zrc1. In the present study, we demonstrate that AtHMA3 in planta is located to the vacuolar membrane, with a high expression level in guard cells, hydathodes, vascular tissues and the root apex. Confocal imaging in the presence of the Zn/Cd fluorescent probe BTC-5N revealed that AtHMA3 participates in the vacuolar storage of Cd. A T-DNA insertional mutant was found more sensitive to Zn and Cd. Conversely, ectopic overexpression of AtHMA3 improved plant tolerance to Cd, Co, Pb, and Zn; Cd accumulation increased by about two to three-fold in plants overexpressing AtHMA3 compared to wild-type plants. Thus, AtHMA3 likely plays a role in the detoxification of biological (Zn) and non biological heavy metals (Cd, Co and Pb) by participating in their vacuolar sequestration, an original function for a P1B-2 ATPase in a multicellular eukaryote.




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