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Plant Physiology Preview Published on November 19, 2008; 10.1104/pp.108.130591
OPEN ACCESS ARTICLE
Received September 30, 2008 Tissue specific expression patterns of Arabidopsis thaliana NF-Y transcription factors suggest potential for extensive combinatorial complexity
University of North Carolina, Department of Biology, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 and University of Oklahoma, Department of Botany and Microbiology, 770 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, Oklahoma 73019; University of North Carolina, Department of Biology, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; University of Oklahoma, Department of Botany and Microbiology, 770 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, Oklahoma 73019 * Corresponding author; email: benholt{at}ou.edu.
All aspects of plant and animal development are controlled by complex networks of transcription factors. Transcription factors are essential for converting signaling inputs, such as changes in day length, into complex gene regulatory outputs. While some transcription factors control gene expression by binding to cis-regulatory elements as individual subunits, others function in a combinatorial fashion. How individual subunits of combinatorial transcription factors are spatially and temporally deployed (e.g., expression-level, post-translational modifications, and sub-cellular localization) has profound effects on their control of gene expression. In the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, we have identified 36 NF-Y transcription factor subunits (10 NF-YA subunits, 13 NF-YB, and 13 NF-YC) that can theoretically combine to form 1,690 unique complexes. Individual plant subunits have functions in flowering time, embryo maturation, and meristem development, but how they combine to control these processes is unknown. To assist in the process of defining unique NF-Y complexes, we have created promoter:GUS fusion lines for all 36 Arabidopsis genes. Here we show NF-Y expression patterns inferred from these promoter:GUS lines for roots, light versus dark grown seedlings, rosettes, and flowers. Additionally, we review the phylogenetic relationships and examine protein alignments for each NF-Y subunit family. Results are discussed with a special emphasis on potential roles for NF-Y subunits in photoperiod controlled flowering time.
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