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Published on January 16, 2009; 10.1104/pp.108.133777

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Received December 5, 2008
Accepted January 13, 2009

Chloroplast NADPH Thioredoxin Reductase Interacts with Photoperiodic Development in Arabidopsis thaliana

Anna Lepisto , Saijaliisa Kangasjarvi , Eeva-Maria Luomala , Gunter Brader , Nina Sipari , Mika Keranen , Markku Keinanen , and Eevi Rintamaki *

Department of Biology, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland; Agrifood Research Finland, FI-21500 Piikkio, Finland; Faculty of Biosciences, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Genetics, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland; Faculty of Biosciences, University of Joensuu, PO Box 111, FI-80101 Joensuu, Finland

* Corresponding author; email: evirin{at}utu.fi.

Chloroplast NADPH-thioredoxin reductase (NTRC) belongs to the thioredoxin systems that control crucial metabolic and regulatory pathways in plants. Here, by characterization of T-DNA insertion lines of NTRC gene, we uncover a novel connection between chloroplast thiol redox regulation and the control of photoperiodic growth in Arabidopsis thaliana. Transcript and metabolite profiling revealed severe developmental and metabolic defects in ntrc plants grown under short 8-hour light period. Besides reduced chlorophyll and anthocyanin contents, ntrc plants showed alterations in the levels of amino acids and auxin. Furthermore, a low carbon assimilation rate of ntrc leaves was associated with enhanced transpiration and photorespiration. All these characteristics of ntrc were less severe when plants were grown under long 16-hour photoperiod. Transcript profiling revealed that the mutant phenotypes of ntrc were accompanied by differential expression of genes involved in stomatal development, chlorophyll biosynthesis, chloroplast biogenesis and circadian-clock-linked light perception systems in ntrc plants. We propose that NTRC regulates several key processes, including chlorophyll biosynthesis and the shikimate pathway in chloroplasts. In the absence of NTRC, imbalanced metabolic activities presumably modulate the chloroplast retrograde signals, leading to altered expression of nuclear genes, and ultimately to the formation of the pleiotrophic phenotypes in ntrc mutant plants.




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J. Michalska, H. Zauber, B. B. Buchanan, F. J. Cejudo, and P. Geigenberger
NTRC links built-in thioredoxin to light and sucrose in regulating starch synthesis in chloroplasts and amyloplasts
PNAS, June 16, 2009; 106(24): 9908 - 9913.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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