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Published on March 4, 2009; 10.1104/pp.108.134767

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Received December 23, 2008
Accepted March 1, 2009

The Phloem Delivered RNA Pool Contains Small Non-coding RNAs and Interferes with Translation

Shoudong Zhang , Li Sun , and Friedrich Kragler *

Department of Biochemistry, Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University of Vienna, Dr. Bohrgasse 9/5, Vienna, A-1030, Austria

* Corresponding author; email: friedrich.kragler{at}univie.ac.at.

In plants the vascular tissue contains the enucleated sieve tubes facilitating long distance transport of nutrients, hormones and proteins. In addition several messenger RNAs (mRNA) and small interfering RNAs (siRNA) / micro-RNAs (miRNA) were shown to be delivered via sieve tubes, whose content is embodied by the phloem sap (PS). A number of these phloem transcripts are transported from source to sink tissues and function at targeted tissues. To gain additional insights into phloem delivered RNAs and their potential role in signaling we isolated and characterized PS RNA molecules distinct from mi/siRNAs with a size ranging from 30 to 90 bases. We detected a high number of full length and phloem specific fragments of non-coding RNAs (ncRNA) such as transfer RNAs (tRNA), ribosomal RNAs (rRNA), and spliceosomal RNAs in the PS of pumpkin (Cucurbita maxima). In vitro assays show that small quantities of PS RNA molecules efficiently inhibit translation in an unspecific manner. Proof of concept that PS specific tRNA fragments may interfere with ribosomal activity was obtained with artificially produced tRNA fragments. The results are discussed in terms of a functional role for long distance delivered non-coding PS RNAs.




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Y. S. Lee, Y. Shibata, A. Malhotra, and A. Dutta
A novel class of small RNAs: tRNA-derived RNA fragments (tRFs)
Genes & Dev., November 15, 2009; 23(22): 2639 - 2649.
[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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