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Published on February 13, 2009; 10.1104/pp.108.134932

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Received December 24, 2008
Accepted February 4, 2009

Engineered Polyamine Catabolism Pre-Induces Tolerance of Tobacco to Bacteria and Oomycetes

Panagiotis N. Moschou , Panagiotis F. Sarris , Nicholas Skandalis , Athina H. Andriopoulou , Konstantinos A. Paschalidis , Nickolaos J. Panopoulos , and K.A. Roubelakis-Angelakis *

Department of Biology, University of Crete, 71409 Heraklion, Greece; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology, Hellas, PO Box 1527, Heraklion 71110, Crete, Greece

* Corresponding author; email: poproube{at}biology.uoc.gr.

Polyamine oxidase (PAO) catalyzes the oxidative catabolism of Spermidine (Spd) and Spermine (Spm) generating H2O2. In wild type Nicotiana tabacum cv Xanthi plants, infection by the compatible pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv tabaci (PS) resulted to increased PAO gene and the corresponding PAO enzymatic activity; polyamine (PA) homeostasis was maintained by induction of the arginine decarboxylase (ADC) pathway and Spm was excreted into the apoplast where it was oxidized by the enhanced apoplastic PAO resulting to higher H2O2 accumulation. Moreover, plants overexpressing PAO (S-PAO) plants showed pre-induced disease tolerance against the biotrophic bacterium PS and to the hemibiotrophic oomycete Phytophtora parasitica var nicotianae (PP) but not to the Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV). Furthermore, in transgenic S-PAO, SAR-marker genes, as well as pronounced increase in the cell wall-based defense was found pre-inoculation. These results reveal that PAO is a nodal point in specific apoplast-localized plant-pathogen interaction, which also signals parallel defense responses, thus preventing pathogen colonization. This strategy presents a novel approach for producing transgenic plants resistant to a broad spectrum of plant pathogens.






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