Plant Physiol. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
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Published on March 4, 2009; 10.1104/pp.109.135830

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Received January 17, 2009
Accepted March 1, 2009

Transcriptional regulation of ethylene response factor LeERF2 in the expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes controls ethylene production in tomato and tobacco

Zhijin Zhang , Haiwen Zhang , Ruidan Quan , Xue-Chen Wang , and Rongfeng Huang *

Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; National Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China; National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing 100081, China, Beijing 100081, China; National Center for Plant Gene Research (Beijing), Beijing 100081, China

* Corresponding author; email: rfhuang{at}caas.net.cn.

Fine-tuning of ethylene production plays an important role in developmental processes and in plant response to stress but very little is known about the regulation of ethylene response factor (ERF) proteins in ethylene biosynthesis genes and ethylene production. Identifying cis-acting elements and transcription factors that play a role in this process is therefore important. Previously, a tomato ERF protein LeERF2, an allele of TERF2, was reported to confer ethylene triple response on plants. This paper reports the transcriptional modulation of LeERF2/TERF2 in ethylene biosynthesis in tomato and tobacco. Using overexpressing and antisense LeERF2/TERF2 transgenic tomatoes, we found that LeERF2/TERF2 is an important regulator in the expression of ethylene biosynthesis genes and the production of ethylene. Expression analysis revealed that LeERF2/TERF2 is ethylene-inducible, and ethylene production stimulated by ethylene was suppressed in antisense LeERF2/TERF2 transgenic tomatoes, indicating LeERF2/TERF2 to be a positive regulator in the feedback loop of ethylene induction. Further research showed that LeERF2/TERF2 conservatively modulates ethylene biosynthesis in tobacco and that such regulation in tobacco is associated with the elongation of hypocotyl and insensitivity to ABA and glucose during germination and seedling development. The effects on ethylene synthesis were similar to those of another ERF protein, namely TERF1, because TERF1 and LeERF2/TERF2 have an overlapping role in transcriptional regulation of ethylene biosynthesis in tobacco. Biochemical analysis showed that LeERF2/TERF2 interacted with GCC box in the promoter of NtACS3 and with DRE in the promoter of LeACO3, resulting in transcriptional activation of the genes for ethylene biosynthesis in tomato and tobacco, which is a novel regulatory function of ERF proteins in plant ethylene biosynthesis.




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