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Published on May 13, 2009; 10.1104/pp.109.136598

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Received February 3, 2009
Accepted May 9, 2009

RNA interference of LIN5 in Solanum lycopersicum confirms its role in controlling Brix content, uncovers the influence of sugars on the levels of fruit hormones and demonstrates the importance of sucrose cleavage for normal fruit development and fertility

Maria Ines Zanor , Sonia Osorio , Adriano Nunes-Nesi , Fernando Carrari , Marc Lohse , Bjorn Usadel , Christina Kuhn , Wilfrid Bleiss , Patrick Giavalisco , Lothar Willmitzer , Ronan Sulpice , Yan-Hong Zhou , and Alisdair R. Fernie *

Max-Planck-Institut fur Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, Am Muhlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (MZ, SO, AN-N, FC, ML, BU, PG, LW, RS and ARF), Biology Department, Plant Physiology, Humboldt University of Berlin, Philippstr. 13, 10115 Berlin, Germany (CK), Institut fur Biology, Molekulare Parasitologie Humboldt Universitat, Philippstrasse 13, Haus 14, 10789 Berlin, Germany (WB), Department of Horticulture, Huajiachi Campus, Zhejiang University, Kaixuan Road 268, Hangzhou 310029, P.R. China (YHZ)

* Corresponding author; email: fernie{at}mpimp-golm.mpg.de.

It has been previously demonstrated, utilizing intra-specific introgression lines, that LIN5 which encodes a cell wall invertase, controls total soluble solids content in tomato. The physiological role of this protein has, however, not yet been directly studied since evaluation of data obtained from the introgression lines are complicated by the fact that they additionally harbor many other wild species alleles. To allow a more precise comparison we generated transgenic tomato in which we silenced the expression of LIN5 using the RNA interference approach. The transformants were characterized by an altered flower and fruit morphology, displaying increased numbers of petals and sepals per flower, an increased rate of fruit abortion and a reduction in fruit size. Evaluation of the mature fruit revealed that the transformants were characterized by a reduction of seed number per plant. Furthermore, detailed physiological analysis revealed that the transformants displayed aberrant pollen morphology and a reduction in the rate of pollen tube elongation. Metabolite profiling of ovaries and green and red fruit revealed that metabolic changes in the transformants were largely confined to sugar metabolism, whereas transcript and hormone profiling revealed broad changes in both the hormones themselves and in transcripts encoding their biosynthetic enzymes and response elements.These results are discussed in the context of current understanding of the role of sugar during development of the tomato fruit with particular focus given to its impact on hormone levels and organ morphology.






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