This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) All Versions of this Article: 138/3/1774    most recent pp.105.061200v1 Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in ISI Web of Science Similar articles in PubMed Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager Citing Articles Citing Articles via HighWire Citing Articles via CrossRef Citing Articles via ISI Web of Science (24) Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Basse, C. W. Search for Related Content PubMed PubMed Citation Articles by Basse, C. W. Agricola Articles by Basse, C. W.

PLANTS INTERACTING WITH OTHER ORGANISMS

Dissecting Defense-Related and Developmental Transcriptional Responses of Maize during Ustilago maydis Infection and Subsequent Tumor Formation¹

Max-Planck-Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Department of Organismic Interactions, D–35043 Marburg, Germany

Infection of maize (Zea mays) plants with the smut fungus Ustilago maydis triggers the formation of tumors on aerial parts in which the fungal life cycle is completed. A differential display screen was performed to gain insight into transcriptional changes of the host response. Some of the genes strongly up-regulated in tumors showed a pronounced developmental expression pattern with decreasing transcript levels from basal to apical shoot segments, suggesting that U. maydis has the capacity to extend the undifferentiated state of maize plants. Differentially expressed genes implicated in secondary metabolism were Bx1, involved in biosynthesis of the cyclic hydroxamic acid 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one, and a novel putative sesquiterpene cyclase gene U. maydis induced (Umi)2. Together with the up-regulation of Umi11 encoding a cyclotide-like protein this suggests a nonconventional induction of plant defenses. Explicitly, U. maydis was resistant to 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3-one but susceptible to its benzoxazolinone derivative 6-methoxy-2-benzoxazolinone. Infection studies of isolated leaves with U. maydis and Colletotrichum graminicola provided evidence for coregulation of Umi2 and PR-1 gene expression, with mRNA levels strongly determined by the extent of fungal colonization within tissue. However, in contrast to Umi2, transcript levels of PR-1 remained low in plants infected with wild-type U. maydis but were 8-fold elevated upon infection with an U. maydis mutant strongly attenuated in pathogenic development. This suggests that U. maydis colonization in planta suppresses a classical defense response. Furthermore, comparative expression analysis uncovered distinct transcriptional programs operating in the host in response to fungal infection and subsequent tumor formation.

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.105.061200.

^* E-mail basse{at}staff.uni-marburg.de; fax 49–6421–178 609.

Received February 12, 2005; returned for revision April 21, 2005; accepted April 22, 2005.

This article has been cited by other articles:

				C. W. Gruber, A. G. Elliott, D. C. Ireland, P. G. Delprete, S. Dessein, U. Goransson, M. Trabi, C. K. Wang, A. B. Kinghorn, E. Robbrecht, et al. Distribution and Evolution of Circular Miniproteins in Flowering Plants PLANT CELL, September 1, 2008; 20(9): 2471 - 2483. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				T. G. Kollner, C. Schnee, S. Li, A. Svatos, B. Schneider, J. Gershenzon, and J. Degenhardt Protonation of a Neutral (S)-{beta}-Bisabolene Intermediate Is Involved in (S)-{beta}-Macrocarpene Formation by the Maize Sesquiterpene Synthases TPS6 and TPS11 J. Biol. Chem., July 25, 2008; 283(30): 20779 - 20788. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				C. Lin, B. Shen, Z. Xu, T. G. Kollner, J. Degenhardt, and H. K. Dooner Characterization of the Monoterpene Synthase Gene tps26, the Ortholog of a Gene Induced by Insect Herbivory in Maize Plant Physiology, March 1, 2008; 146(3): 940 - 951. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				I. Saska, A. D. Gillon, N. Hatsugai, R. G. Dietzgen, I. Hara-Nishimura, M. A. Anderson, and D. J. Craik An Asparaginyl Endopeptidase Mediates in Vivo Protein Backbone Cyclization J. Biol. Chem., October 5, 2007; 282(40): 29721 - 29728. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				L. Molina and R. Kahmann An Ustilago maydis Gene Involved in H2O2 Detoxification Is Required for Virulence PLANT CELL, July 1, 2007; 19(7): 2293 - 2309. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				K. Pasentsis, V. Falara, I. Pateraki, D. Gerasopoulos, and A. K. Kanellis Identification and expression profiling of low oxygen regulated genes from Citrus flavedo tissues using RT-PCR differential display J. Exp. Bot., June 1, 2007; 58(8): 2203 - 2216. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. Klose and J. W. Kronstad The Multifunctional {beta}-Oxidation Enzyme Is Required for Full Symptom Development by the Biotrophic Maize Pathogen Ustilago maydis Eukaryot. Cell, December 1, 2006; 5(12): 2047 - 2061. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]

				J. P. Mulvenna, J. S. Mylne, R. Bharathi, R. A. Burton, N. J. Shirley, G. B. Fincher, M. A. Anderson, and D. J. Craik Discovery of Cyclotide-Like Protein Sequences in Graminaceous Crop Plants: Ancestral Precursors of Circular Proteins? PLANT CELL, September 1, 2006; 18(9): 2134 - 2144. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]