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SYSTEMS BIOLOGY, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, AND GENE REGULATION

The ACA10 Ca²⁺-ATPase Regulates Adult Vegetative Development and Inflorescence Architecture in Arabidopsis^1,[W],[OA]

Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717 (L.G., R.A.S.); and Department of Biochemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557 (S.M.R., J.F.H.)

The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) compact inflorescence (cif) genotype causes altered adult vegetative development and a reduction in elongation of inflorescence internodes resulting in formation of floral clusters. The cif trait requires both a recessive mutation, cif1, and the activity of a naturally occurring dominant allele of an unlinked gene, CIF2^D. We show here that the pseudoverticillata mutation is allelic with cif1 and that the product of the CIF1 gene is ACA10, a member of the large family of P-type Ca²⁺-ATPases found in higher plants. T-DNA insertion mutations in ACA10, but not in the two other Arabidopsis plasma membrane Ca²⁺-ATPase-encoding genes, ACA8 and ACA9, cause a cif phenotype when combined with the dominant CIF2^D modifier allele. Therefore, ACA10 has a unique function in regulating adult phase growth and inflorescence development. The wild-type ACA8 and ACA10 mRNAs are present at similar levels, and the two promoter-β-glucuronidase fusion transgenes show very similar expression patterns. Moreover, transformation of the cif mutant with an extra copy of the ACA8 gene, which causes overexpression of the ACA8 transcript, can complement the cif phenotype. This suggests that these two Ca²⁺ pump genes have distinct but related activities and that their differential functions can be altered by relatively small changes in their patterns or levels of expression. The correspondence between cif1 and mutations in ACA10 establishes a genetic link between calcium transport, vegetative phase change, and inflorescence architecture.

² Present address: Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717.

The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: Robert A. Sharrock (sharrock{at}montana.edu).

^[W] The online version of this article contains Web-only data.

^[OA] Open Access articles can be viewed online without a subscription.

www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.107.108118

^* Corresponding author; e-mail sharrock{at}montana.edu.

Received August 24, 2007; accepted December 3, 2007; published December 7, 2007.