Effect of pH and Calcium on Short-Term NO3- Fluxes in Roots of Barley Seedlings

Abstract

The effect of pH and Ca2+ on net NO3- uptake, influx, and efflux by intact roots of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seedlings was studied. Seedlings were induced with NO3- or NO2-. Net NO3- uptake and efflux, respectively, were determined by following its depletion from, and accumulation in, the external solution. Since roots of both uninduced and NO2--induced seedlings contain little internal NO3-, initial net uptake rates are equivalent to influx (M. Aslam, R.L. Travis, R.C. Huffaker [1994] Plant Physiol 106: 1293–1301). NO3- uptake (influx) by these roots was little affected at acidic pH. In contrast, in NO3--induced roots, which accumulate NO3-, net uptake rates decreased in response to acidic pH. Under these conditions, NO3- efflux was stimulated and was a function of root NO3- concentration. Conversely, at basic pH, NO3- uptake by NO3-- and NO2--induced and uninduced roots decreased, apparently because of the inhibition of influx. Calcium had little effect on NO3- uptake (influx) by NO2-- induced roots at either pH 3 or 6. However, in NO3--induced roots, lack of Ca2+ at pH 3 significantly decreased net NO3- uptake and stimulated efflux. The results indicate that at acidic pH the decrease in net NO3- uptake is due to the stimulation of efflux, whereas at basic pH, it is due to the inhibition of influx.