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Cover image

On the Cover: In all cells, the use of Ca2+ as a second messenger requires precise regulation of influx and efflux pathways. In animal cells, one important efflux pathway is provided by a family of calmodulin-dependent Ca2+ pumps located in the plasma membrane. Hong et al. (pp. 1165-1175) identified a unique member of this family in the ER of Arabidopsis root cells. The photograph on the cover shows a pseudocolored image of this Ca2+ pump tagged with a green fluorescent protein and expressed in epidermal cells of Arabidopsis roots. The bulging cell is forming a root hair. (Image by Audrey M. Ichida and Masaaki Fujuki.)