Table of Contents
ON THE INSIDE
TOPICAL REVIEW
The Art of Being Flexible: How to Escape from Shade, Salt, and DroughtPlants escape from stressful conditions through the plasticity of root and shoot development.
BREAKTHROUGH TECHNOLOGIES
Activity-Based Profiling of a Physiologic Aglycone Library Reveals Sugar Acceptor Promiscuity of Family 1 UDP-Glucosyltransferases from GrapeA method based on an aglycone library was developed for the targeted analysis of acceptor molecules of UDP-glycosyltransferases.
SCIENTIFIC CORRESPONDENCE
Differential Accumulation of ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 Correlates with Hypocotyl Bending to Ultraviolet-B LightDuring UV-B-specific induction of bending to the light in Arabidopsis etiolated seedlings, the transcription factor HY5 accumulates on the illuminated side and orchestrates the response.
Articles
BIOCHEMISTRY AND METABOLISM
Different Mechanisms Are Responsible for Chlorophyll Dephytylation during Fruit Ripening and Leaf Senescence in TomatoPhytol hydrolysis during chlorophyll breakdown in tomato leaves is specifically catalyzed by pheophytinase, while during fruit ripening other, so far unknown, hydrolases are active.
Functional Evidence for the Critical Amino-Terminal Conserved Domain and Key Amino Acids of Arabidopsis 4-HYDROXY-3-METHYLBUT-2-ENYL DIPHOSPHATE REDUCTASEKey residues near the N-terminus and around the central active site are critical for the function of Arabidopsis 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase.
Chlorophyll Degradation: The Tocopherol Biosynthesis-Related Phytol Hydrolase in Arabidopsis Seeds Is Still MissingTwo known chlorophyll-related types of phytol hydrolases may only play limited roles in tocopherol biosynthesis in Arabidopsis seeds, implicating another unknown dephytylase that may exist.
Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a Geranyl Diphosphate-Specific Aromatic Prenyltransferase from LemonA prenyltransferase gene from lemon encodes a membrane-bound geranyl diphosphate-specific prenyltransferase for coumarin, which produces a novel compound, 8-geranylumbelliferone, in citrus species.
Proteins with High Turnover Rate in Barley Leaves Estimated by Proteome Analysis Combined with in Planta Isotope LabelingProteins turn over at different rates in plant tissues, and these have been quantified using stable isotope labeling of nitrogen and peptide mass spectrometry of leaf tissue from hydroponically grown barley.
The Reductase Activity of the Arabidopsis Caleosin RESPONSIVE TO DESSICATION20 Mediates Gibberellin-Dependent Flowering Time, Abscisic Acid Sensitivity, and Tolerance to Oxidative StressA peroxygenase controls floral transition and tolerance to oxidative stress.
Geranyllinalool Synthases in Solanaceae and Other Angiosperms Constitute an Ancient Branch of Diterpene Synthases Involved in the Synthesis of Defensive CompoundsThe genes encoding geranyllinalool synthases in Solanaceae represent an ancient branch of the terpene synthase gene family that likely diverged from the rest of the family prior to the split between the gymnosperm and angiosperm lineages.
CELL BIOLOGY
A New LxxxA Motif in the Transmembrane Helix3 of Maize Aquaporins Belonging to the Plasma Membrane Intrinsic Protein PIP2 Group Is Required for Their Trafficking to the Plasma MembraneTwo amino acids located in a transmembrane helix regulate the trafficking of endoplasmic reticulum- and plasma membrane-localized aquaporins along the secretory pathway.
The Apical Actin Fringe Contributes to Localized Cell Wall Deposition and Polarized Growth in the Lily Pollen TubeInhibition of lily pollen tube growth with three different agents, brefeldin A, latrunculin B, and potassium cyanide, provides evidence that the apical actin fringe contributes to localized pectin deposition and polarized cell growth.
Chloroplast Dysfunction Causes Multiple Defects in Cell Cycle Progression in the Arabidopsis crumpled leaf MutantThe constitutive stress response induced by chloroplast dysfunction causes early differentiation via the activation of cell cycle inhibitors.
ECOPHYSIOLOGY AND SUSTAINABILITY
Wettability, Polarity, and Water Absorption of Holm Oak Leaves: Effect of Leaf Side and AgeThe highly pubescent abaxial side of holm oak leaves is unwettable and water repellent, while the adaxial side is wettable and can take up water, which may be an adaptation to growing under Mediterranean conditions.
TRICHOME BIREFRINGENCE-LIKE27 Affects Aluminum Sensitivity by Modulating the O-Acetylation of Xyloglucan and Aluminum-Binding Capacity in ArabidopsisO-acetylation of xyloglucan affects aluminum sensitivity in Arabidopsis by modifying the aluminum-binding capacity of xyloglucan in the cell wall..
Disordered Cold Regulated15 Proteins Protect Chloroplast Membranes during Freezing through Binding and Folding, But Do Not Stabilize Chloroplast Enzymes in VivoCold-induced, unstructured chloroplast proteins increase plant freezing tolerance by stabilizing membranes, but not enzymes, through folding and binding.
Dissection of the Control of Anion Homeostasis by Associative Transcriptomics in Brassica napusAssociative transcriptomics in Brassica napus identified candidate genes for the control of variation in nitrate, phosphate, and sulfate contents.
GENES, DEVELOPMENT, AND EVOLUTION
AtGEN1 and AtSEND1, Two Paralogs in Arabidopsis, Possess Holliday Junction Resolvase ActivityArabidopsis proteins resolve intermediary structures of DNA recombination and repair by symmetrically oriented incisions and provide mechanistic insight in processing of nicked structures.
Long-Term Evolution of Nucleotide-Binding Site-Leucine-Rich Repeat Genes: Understanding Gained from and beyond the Legume FamilyDuring the past 54 million years of evolution, 94% of ancestral legume leucine-rich-repeat gene lineages have experienced deletions or expansions, while 6% have been maintained in a conservative manner.
Evolutionary Relationship of Disease Resistance Genes in Soybean and Arabidopsis Specific for the Pseudomonas syringae Effectors AvrB and AvrRpm1Polymorphisms in the leucine-rich-repeat domains of two closely related soybean genes allow them to distinguish between two pathogen effectors detected by a single disease resistance gene in Arabidopsis.
Dynamic Transcriptome Landscape of Maize Embryo and Endosperm DevelopmentA high-resolution spatiotemporal transcriptome atlas of maize seed uncovers the genetic control of embryo and endosperm development.
Intraspecific Arabidopsis Hybrids Show Different Patterns of Heterosis Despite the Close Relatedness of the Parental GenomesArabidopsis hybrids show different growth patterns in outperforming parents for biomass and yield associated with differences in gene expression patterns, suggesting multiple routes for hybrid vigor.
Auxin Perception Is Required for Arbuscule Development in Arbuscular Mycorrhizal SymbiosisThe formation of arbuscules in the arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis is dependent on the plant hormone auxin.
Functional Diversification within the Family of B-GATA Transcription Factors through the Leucine-Leucine-Methionine DomainThe family of B-GATA transcription factors is not a uniform family but can be functionally divided based on the C-terminal leucine-leucine-methionine domain.
MEMBRANES, TRANSPORT, AND BIOENERGETICS
Symplastic Phloem Loading in PoplarSucrose enters the phloem in poplar leaves through plasmodesmata.
CPK13, a Noncanonical Ca2+-Dependent Protein Kinase, Specifically Inhibits KAT2 and KAT1 Shaker K+ Channels and Reduces Stomatal OpeningA Ca2+-dependent kinase is identified that phosphorylates and inhibits inward potassium channels expressed in guard cells, the overexpression of which results in a reduction of stomatal aperture.
Plasma Membrane Localization Is Essential for Oryza sativa Pto-Interacting Protein 1a-Mediated Negative Regulation of Immune Signaling in RiceAppropriate complex formation at the plasma membrane is indispensable for a negative regulator of immune signaling in rice.
SIGNALING AND RESPONSE
Ideal Osmotic Spaces for Chlorobionts or Cyanobionts Are Differentially Realized by Lichenized FungiLichenized fungi create a suitable habitat for their photobionts to ensure desiccation tolerance by differentially adjusting their cellular osmolarity to match those of chlorobionts or cyanobionts.
bHLH05 Is an Interaction Partner of MYB51 and a Novel Regulator of Glucosinolate Biosynthesis in ArabidopsisProtein-protein interaction studies of R2R3 MYB transcription factors regulating glucosinolate biosynthesis and the analysis of multiple loss-of-function mutants and gain-of-function alleles demonstrated the specific role of an associated transcription factor complex in the transcriptional regulation of glucosinolate biosynthesis.
ASCORBATE PEROXIDASE6 Protects Arabidopsis Desiccating and Germinating Seeds from Stress and Mediates Cross Talk between Reactive Oxygen Species, Abscisic Acid, and AuxinAn ascorbate peroxidase functions to protect maturing and early germinating seeds from stress and modulate the seed’s cellular metabolism and signaling.
Auxin and Strigolactone Signaling Are Required for Modulation of Arabidopsis Shoot Branching by Nitrogen SupplyLimited N supply suppresses shoot branching in Arabidopsis in a process that requires auxin and strigolactone signaling and involves an increase in auxin export from active shoot apices.
Jasmonic Acid and Its Precursor 12-Oxophytodienoic Acid Control Different Aspects of Constitutive and Induced Herbivore Defenses in TomatoLocal induction of defense gene expression on wounding is mediated by 12-oxophytodienoic acid, in contrast with constitutive herbivore defense traits that rely on the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid and its isoleucine conjugate.
Phototropin Encoded by a Single-Copy Gene Mediates Chloroplast Photorelocation Movements in the Liverwort Marchantia polymorphaPhototropin, encoded by a single-copy gene, mediates chloroplast movements in Marchantia polymorpha, and its expression can rescue the phot mutant defects in vascular plants.
COMMENTARIES
New research reveals unexpected targeting signals in a transmembrane domain of plasma membrane water channels.