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Research ArticleDevelopment and Growth Regulation
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Gibberellins and Parthenocarpic Ability in Developing Ovaries of Seedless Mandarins

Manuel Talon, Lorenzo Zacarias, Eduardo Primo-Millo
Manuel Talon
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Lorenzo Zacarias
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Eduardo Primo-Millo
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Published August 1992. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.99.4.1575

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Abstract

Satsuma (Citrus unshiu [Mak] Marc.) and Clementine (Citrus reticulata [Hort.] Ex. Tanaka, cv Oroval) are two species of seedless mandarins differing in their tendency to develop parthenocarpic fruits. Satsuma is a male-sterile cultivar that shows a high degree of natural parthenocarpy and a high fruit set. Seedless Clementine varieties are self-incompatible, and in the absence of cross-pollination show a very low ability to set fruit. The gibberellins (GAs) GA53, putative 17-OH-GA53, GA44, GA17, GA19, GA20, GA29, GA1, 3-epi-GA1, GA8, GA24, GA9, and GA4 have been identified from developing fruits of both species by full-scan combined gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Using selected ion monitoring with [2H2]- and [13C]-labeled internal standards, the levels of GA53, GA44, GA19, GA20, GA1, GA8, GA4, and GA9 were determined in developing ovaries at anthesis and 7 days before and after anthesis, from both species. Except for GA8, levels of the 13-hydroxy-GAs were higher in Satsuma than in Clementine, and these differences were more prominent for developing young fruits. At petal fall, Satsuma had, on a nanograms per gram dry weight basis, higher levels of GA53 (10.4x), GA44 (13.9x), GA19 (3.0x), GA20 (11.2x), and GA1 (2.0x). By contrast, levels of GA8 were always higher in Clementine, whereas levels of GA4 did not differ greatly. Levels of GA9 were very low in both species. At petal fall, fruitlets of Satsuma and Clementine contained 65 and 13 picograms of GA1, respectively. At this time, the application of 25 micrograms of paclobutrazol to fruits increased fruit abscission in both varieties. This effect was reversed by the simultaneous applications of 1 microgram of GA3. GA3 alone improved the set in Clementine (13x), but had little influence on Satsuma. Thus, seedless fruits of the self-incompatible Clementine mandarin may not have adequate GA levels for fruit set. Collectively, these results suggest that endogenous GA content in developing ovaries is the limiting factor controlling the parthenocarpic development of the fruits.

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Gibberellins and Parthenocarpic Ability in Developing Ovaries of Seedless Mandarins
Manuel Talon, Lorenzo Zacarias, Eduardo Primo-Millo
Plant Physiology Aug 1992, 99 (4) 1575-1581; DOI: 10.1104/pp.99.4.1575

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Gibberellins and Parthenocarpic Ability in Developing Ovaries of Seedless Mandarins
Manuel Talon, Lorenzo Zacarias, Eduardo Primo-Millo
Plant Physiology Aug 1992, 99 (4) 1575-1581; DOI: 10.1104/pp.99.4.1575
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Plant Physiology
Vol. 99, Issue 4
August 1992
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More in this TOC Section

  • The rms1 Mutant of Pea Has Elevated Indole-3-Acetic Acid Levels and Reduced Root-Sap Zeatin Riboside Content but Increased Branching Controlled by Graft-Transmissible Signal(s)
  • Bacterial Cellulose-Binding Domain Modulates in Vitro Elongation of Different Plant Cells
  • Gibberellin Dose-Response Regulation of GA4 Gene Transcript Levels in Arabidopsis
Show more DEVELOPMENT AND GROWTH REGULATION

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