PT  - JOURNAL ARTICLE
AU  - Hohnjec, Natalija
AU  - Vieweg, Martin F.
AU  - Pühler, Alfred
AU  - Becker, Anke
AU  - Küster, Helge
TI  - Overlaps in the Transcriptional Profiles of <em>Medicago truncatula</em> Roots Inoculated with Two Different Glomus Fungi Provide Insights into the Genetic Program Activated during Arbuscular Mycorrhiza
AID  - 10.1104/pp.104.056572
DP  - 2005 Apr 01
TA  - Plant Physiology
PG  - 1283--1301
VI  - 137
IP  - 4
4099  - http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/137/4/1283.short
4100  - http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/137/4/1283.full
SO  - Plant Physiol.2005 Apr 01; 137
AB  - Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) is a widespread symbiotic association between plants and fungal microsymbionts that supports plant development under nutrient-limiting and various stress conditions. In this study, we focused on the overlapping genetic program activated by two commonly studied microsymbionts in addition to identifying AM-related genes. We thus applied 16,086 probe microarrays to profile the transcriptome of the model legume Medicago truncatula during interactions with Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices and specified a total of 201 plant genes as significantly coinduced at least 2-fold, with more than 160 being reported as AM induced for the first time. Several hundred genes were additionally up-regulated during a sole interaction, indicating that the plant genetic program activated in AM to some extent depends on the colonizing microsymbiont. Genes induced during both interactions specified AM-related nitrate, ion, and sugar transporters, enzymes involved in secondary metabolism, proteases, and Kunitz-type protease inhibitors. Furthermore, coinduced genes encoded receptor kinases and other components of signal transduction pathways as well as AM-induced transcriptional regulators, thus reflecting changes in signaling. By the use of reporter gene expression, we demonstrated that one member of the AM-induced gene family encoding blue copper binding proteins (MtBcp1) was both specifically and strongly up-regulated in arbuscule-containing regions of mycorrhizal roots. A comparison of the AM expression profiles to those of nitrogen-fixing root nodules suggested only a limited overlap between the genetic programs orchestrating root endosymbioses.