Table I. Summary of the state of knowledge of the cofactors and interaction domains of plant NLRs

Abbreviations are as follows: Resistance to Pseudomonas syringae pv maculicola1 (RPM1), Resistance to Pseudomonas Syringae2 (RPS2), Suppressor of npr1-1, constitutive1 (SNC1), HopZ-Activated Resistance1 (ZAR1), Mildew A Locus10 (MLA10), Bacterial spot2 (Bs2), Panicle blast1 (Pb1), Constitutive expresser of PR genes1 (CPR1), basic Helix-loop-Helix84 (bHLH84), Enhanced disease susceptibility1 (EDS1), avrPphB susceptible1 (PBS1), HopZ-ETI-deficient1 (ZED1), Squamosa promoter binding protein-like6 (SPL6), suppressor of G2 allele of skp1 (SGT1), Ran GTPase activating protein2 (RanGAP2), and Bsu-like protein1 (BSL1). FL, Full length; TF, transcription factor; XNL, no typical CC or TIR domain was found in the N terminus; TNL, Toll-IL1 receptor-nucleotide binding LRR; —, no data available.

Host Species and GeneProtein TypePathogenEffectorCofactorsTypes of CofactorsInteraction Domains with CofactorsSource
Arabidopsis
 RPM1CNLPseudomonas syringaeAvrRpm1, AvrBRIN4UnknownCC, FLMackey et al. (2002)
 RPS2CNLP. syringaeAvrRpt2RIN4UnknownCC, FLAxtell and Staskawicz (2003); Mackey et al. (2003)
CPR1F-boxFLCheng et al. (2011)
 RPS4TNLP. syringaeAvrRps4bHLH84TFFLXu et al. (2014)
EDS1Lipase-likeFLBhattacharjee et al. (2011); Heidrich et al. (2011)
 RPS5CNLPeronospora parasiticaAvrPphBPBS1KinaseCC, FLAde et al. (2007)
 RPS6TNLP. syringaeAvrHopA1EDS1Lipase-likeFLBhattacharjee et al. (2011)
 SNC1TNLP. syringae—bHLH84TFFLXu et al. (2014)
CPR1F-boxFLCheng et al. (2011)
EDS1Lipase-likeFLBhattacharjee et al. (2011)
 ZAR1CNLP. syringaeAvrHopZ1aZED1PseudokinaseCC, FLLewis et al. (2013)
Barley
 MLA10CNLBlumeria graminisAvrA10WRKY1, WRKY2TFCC, FLShen et al. (2007)
MYB6TFCC, FLChang et al. (2013)
Maize
 Rp1-DCNLP. sorghi—HCT homologsLignin biosynthesisFLThis study; Wang et al. (2015b)
 Rp1-dp2CNL——HCT homologsLignin biosynthesisCC, FLThis study; Wang et al. (2015b)
 Rp1-D21CNL——HCT homologsLignin biosynthesisCC, FLThis study; Wang et al. (2015b)
Nicotiana tabacum
 NTNLTobacco mosaic virusP50SPL6TFTIR, LRR, FLPadmanabhan et al. (2013)
Pepper (Capsicum annuum)
 Bs2XNLXanthomonas campestris pv vesicatoriaAvrBs2SGT1Molecular cochaperoneLRR, FLLeister et al. (2005)
Potato (Solanum tuberosum)
 RxCNLPotato virus XCoat proteinRanGAP2Small GTPaseCC, FLTameling and Baulcombe (2007)
 R2CNLPhytophthora infestansAVR2BSL1PhosphataseFLSaunders et al. (2012)
Rice
 Pb1CNLMagnaporthe oryzae—WRKY45TFCC, FLInoue et al. (2013)
 PitCNLM. oryzae—Rac1Small GTPaseNB-ARC, FLKawano et al. (2010)
Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
 PrfXNLP. syringaeAvrPto, AvrPtoBPtoKinaseCC, FLMucyn et al. (2006)